The influence of SMA on reinforced concrete column

 
In recent years, a novel concrete confinement technique employing shape-memory alloys (SMAs) has emerged. The new method employs active confinement, which has been shown to increase the strength and ductility of concrete more effectively than passive confinement. However, previous research on this technique has primarily focused on using external SMA spirals or ties to retrofit or repair existing concrete columns. Due to SMA's unique ability to recover substantial inelastic deformation upon unloading, seismic design can greatly benefit from it. Consequently, if shape memory alloy (SMA) is utilized at the location of plastic hinges with the proper design constraints, the structure will dissipate the demand energy and return to its original form when unloaded. Self-centering, SMA-reinforced concrete beam-column connections are a novel concept that can be improved for application in building. Utilizing SMA in numerous reinforcement applications: In addition to the material's super-elasticity, corrosion resistance, and fatigue resistance, the shape memory effect, which is the ability of SMA to return to its original shape after being heated and bent beyond its elastic limits, is SMA's defining characteristic. This transition's recuperated strain can replace hydraulic jacks in pre-stressing applications. Attaching pre-stressed SMA reinforcement to RC members and then heating them above the activation temperature enables the SMA to recover the inelastic strain, thereby subjecting the RC to a pre-stress.