.Review for Plastic Hinge Types Used for Modeling Reinforced Concrete Elements

Document Type : Review Articles

Authors

1 Teaching Assistant, Civil Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering; Beni-Suef University, Egypt

2 Professor of Structural Analysis & Mechanics; Civil Engineering Department Faculty of Engineering; Fayoum University

3 Associate Professor of Structural Engineering Civil Engineering Department Faculty of Engineering; Fayoum University

Abstract

Investigating the nonlinear behavior of reinforced concrete (RC) elements was the objective of many experimental and numerical studies. This work briefly presents the previous work done in support of modeling reinforced concrete (RC) elements to evaluate their structural behavior. Modeling RC elements requires reliable nonlinear models for their inelastic positions under high loading. These positions are conformed as concentrated plasticity. For simulating RC frames, the concentrated plasticity was used in many studies to provide simple modeling with low computation cost. The concentrated plasticity is modeled using lumped plastic hinges (PH). Four PH types (flexural, shear, torsion, and beam–column joint) are defined based on the loading type subjected to the frame element. Consequently, it reviews the previous studies that modeling procedures for the nonlinear behavior of four PH types. The flexural PH, Shear PH, torsional PH, and beam-column joints could be defined, respectively, using empirical length, the approach of Watanabe & Lee (1998), rigid–element, and bilinear torsion–rotation behavior.

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